Theoretical - Empirical - and Clinical Investigations

Question: Discuss about the Theoretical, Empirical, and Clinical Investigations. Answer: The present discourse is attempting to make a thorough evaluation of a particular article by doing a deliberate review upon it. Hence, the intention is to identify the distinct purpose established through the article by identifying and elaborating the key issues and conceptual perspectives discussed throughout the considered literary piece. Additionally, the key propositions made by the respected author of the concerned research essay will be considered in terms of understanding whether they have been relevant for the fundamental aim of the article. Most importantly, the essay will give effort to point out whether the applied methods of the reviewed article have been apposite or not. Initially, it should be contemplated that the chief aim of the article The individual and Organization: Some problems of Mutual Adjustment by Chris Argyris is found to be, understanding the unsuitable relation between an individual personality and the desires of a formal organization. To reach to an apt conclusion as well as to determine whether there is actually any incongruity between a rational and healthy individual and the demands of formal organization, the author has elaborated properties of a human individual and the properties of typical formal organizations. It should be appreciated that the author has chosen to give a crisp preface prior to delve into the topic that provides an outline of the entire article. That is why it can be said that the writer has made it easy for the readers to get a brief view regarding what they are going to read. However, it is important to denote that the aim has been accompanied with thorough elaboration of both formal organization and indivi dual self. In this seems supportive for establishing the purpose. Nevertheless, it should be said in this context that the article is required to be called a research article as the concerned piece has not been constructed entirely with the authors own perceptions and knowledge. For obtaining a convenient understanding along with to its aim, the author has taken help from several relevant scholarly articles and analyzed them with proper amount of priority. After going through the entire article, it also can be said that in terms of methodology, the author has used the secondary method for collecting required data from scholarly resources. At the same time has made his own opinion regarding the understanding he gained from those resources. According to Burgess and Cargill (2013), it is one of the best way to reach to a hypothesis as the way supports a writer or a researcher with relevant evidences. That is why it has to be said that the methodological style of discussing the data matches with the attribute of both descriptive and explanatory researc h. It is because while the descriptive research helps to increase the volume of knowledge, the explanatory style assists to connect propositions with concepts (Winterson 2013). The author of the reviewed article has elaborated information gained from resources and thereafter has attempted to connect them with his individual perception. Coming to the point of prime topics, the article has evaluated three main topics in an illustrated manner. Initially after a profound introduction, the author has emphasized the properties of human personality. According to this particular section of the essay, personality is an aspect that desires to make balance between adjustment and adaptation and it is expressed through individual capabilities. In this context, it should be kept in mind that personality is subjected to personal development (Williams 2016). Interestingly the author has not also ignored this significant fact and hence has highlighted the premises, which is desired to tend by the individual personalities. In this respect, it has been found that the personality tends to develop by being dependent upon others in the infant stage. The personality in the adult stage generally prefers to break all the shackles of infancy and transforms with different attributes (Westenberg et al. 2013). The same has been jot down by the author in terms of pointing that the erratic and casual personality of childhood gradually starts express its wish to have deep interest as adults. In this respect, it is significant to point out that in time of noting down several dimensions of the concept of personal development; Chris Argyris has identified a singular similar characteristic feature, irrespective of every individual. According to Mr. Argyris, the only similar for all individuals is the unhealthy personality, which is found to grow with age. Moreover, as per Argyris, this attribute can be used as a model that outlines the rudimentary growth style (Edmondson 2015). Nevertheless, the very next segment of the article articulates another important key premise of the article, which is the property of formal organization. In this particular segment, the author has taken help of several resources written by famous authors like L. Urwick. In this context, it has is noteworthy to say that Urwicks concept regarding the creation of formal organization and the failure of organizations to draw a proper and convenient structure is worth considerable while discussing about fundamental properties of formal organizations (Manolova et al. 2012). The author has judged the selected resource with profound knowledge and has justified it with the sayings of other honorary persons. After considering this particular section, it is understandable that formal organizations fail to accomplish an ideal structure and most of their structures are reflections of their ambition. It is true as per the fact that business organizations or specifically the formal organizations ha ve always given priority to their own goals at the first phase (Young et al. 2016). This is probably the fact that strongly contradicts the basic duty of an organization to provide an atmosphere where individuals can act rationally (Herrmann and Herrmann-Nehdi 2015). The article shows through this descriptive segment that organization should not cross the limit of creating a situation for adjustment and requires taking right steps in the right time. It is a true fact that organizations with perfect structure are hard to fine. The interpretations of the author regarding his illustration, on the properties of formal organization suit perfectly with this very belief. However, possibly the most important part of the article is the discussion on the incongruous relation between a mature and healthy individual and the requirements of formal organization. This part has potentially yet reasonably discussed that how dominating demands of formal organizations force a man to become suppressive and dependent upon the management against their actual desire of maturity. As per Taylor (2013), the main symptom of maturity is it attracts a person towards the concept of freedom and independence. Contradictorily, most of the formal enterprises desire to have those employees who will act as per the organizational goal and should not express their desire to become independent in terms of maturity (Rodger 2012). This particular concept has been identified and brilliantly established with the help of significant practical examples. The author has tried with all his best to establish that those employees fit best with an organization that can enact certain childish behavior like complete dependence and obedience to abide all the rules of formal organizations. That is how the author argues about how there is little scopes to have a healthy personality while fulfilling the demands of the formal organization. After considering the entire essay, it can be pointed out that the author has utilized all the possible ways to establish his hypothesis that, demands of formal enterprises do not satisfy the requirements of a healthy person. Moreover, he has not ended his discourse just by showing that his approach has been directed in right way to establish his perception but also has given probable results of the incongruence between the two aspects. According to his propositions, without the scopes for self actualization, individual will grow frustration, conflict and passive aggression. Additionally, lack of control over clarity for future creates perspectives which are short term (Bell and Khoury, 2016). Most significantly, to extract these propositions, the author has carefully illustrated three chief facets of task specialization that belongs to the properties of formal organization. It can be therefore state that before reaching to the negative impact of formal organization on mature individual, the writer has attempted to analyze all the potential premises related to formal enterprises. The review indicates that all the arguments initiated by the author have been clearly yet adhesively underpinned as each of the relative discussion on the arguments has been found to have link with each other. A discourse or an argumentative article can establish itself as an understandable and informative literary piece only when each of the key aspects of the essay are found to have coherent attachment with each other (Winterson 2013). The review says that, the considered article is no exception of that. Most significant implication of the entire article is probably the indication that, formal organizations of the present world are proving unhealthy for the mature inhabitants. Employees are more finding uncertainties and lack of scopes for self actualization rather than peace while working in the formal organizations (Luyten and Blatt 2013). However, instead of establishing the essay in a proper methodological way and taking account of the Works manager from the Radio Corporation, it can be said that Chris Argyris should have taken some narratives of employees who are presently working under formal organizations to establish his propositions more strongly. References Bell, C.M. and Khoury, C., 2016. Organizational powerlessness, dehumanization, and gendered effects of procedural justice.Journal of Managerial Psychology,31(2), pp.570-585. Burgess, S. and Cargill, M., 2013. Using genre analysis and corpus linguistics to teach research article writing.Supporting research writing: Roles and challenges in multilingual settings, pp.55-71. Edmondson, A.C., 2015. Chris Argyris (19232013). Herrmann, N. and Herrmann-Nehdi, A., 2015.The Whole Brain Business Book: Unlocking the Power of Whole Brain Thinking in Organizations, Teams, and Individuals. McGraw Hill Professional. Luyten, P. and Blatt, S.J., 2013. 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