Pavlov s Classical Conditioning Vs. Operant Conditioning

Pavlov’s Classical Conditioning vs. B.F. Skinner’s Operant Conditioning Bhavika D. Patel Atlantic Community College Abstract Ivan Pavlov and B.F. Skinner both studied learning, in which they both did different experiments on different animals and with different conditioning. Classical conditioning is the process in which two stimuli become linked; once this association has been recognized, an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to provoke an involuntary response. The dogs in Pavlov’s studies learned to associate countless stimuli with the expectation of food, which caused in them salivating when the stimuli were presented. Pavlov revealed how such associations are learned, and referred to this process as conditioning. While the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"The assistant’s footsteps, for example, seemed to act like a trigger (the stimulus) for the dog to start salivating (the response). Pavlov had discovered how associations develop through the process of learning, which he referred to as conditioning (Licht, 2016) The dog was correlating the sound of footsteps with the coming o f food; it had been conditioned to subordinate certain sights and sounds with eating. Intrigued by his discovery, Pavlov decided to focus his research of dogs’ salivation (which he termed â€Å"psychic secretions†) in these types of scenarios (Fancher Rutherford, 2012, p. 248; Watson, 1968). Pavlov’s examinations led to the development of classical conditioning. Conditioned Response Experiment To prove the process of classical conditioning Pavlov had created a basic research plan. Pavlov had followed up to his observation and examining the connection between stimulus and response. Pavlov has concluded that the type of behavior he was studying was involuntary or reflexive salivating when there is food is universal, whereas the connection of sound and footsteps and salivating is learned. Pavlov basically states that the sound of footsteps is the stimulus and salivation is the response, which occur during learning. Pavlov experiments led him to surgically insert a tube into the dog’s cheek to allow a proper collection of saliva. The tube was led to a measuring device which Pavlov used to calculate exactly how much theShow MoreRelatedPsychological Conditioning and Theories of Behavior1013 Words   |  4 Pagesand measured). Ivan Pavlov, for instance, was researching the digestive systems of dogs and led him to the discovery of classical condition, a way to modify behaviors using conditioned responses. Pavlovs views intrigued American John Watson, who pushed the idea forward in up through the 1950s. Building on these theories, but amending the model with the effects of punishment and reward, B.F. 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