Business research method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Business research strategy - Essay Example Famous people help make novel advertisements for organizations; a constructive caused disposition and deals aim towards created brands (Ranjbarian, Schekarchizade and Momeni, 2010). Big name support is a panacea for all showcasing hardships and is turning out to be basic every day. This is a direct result of the catalyst bases on drawing in customer’s consideration consequently building up a positive affiliation. This impacts review and furthermore initiates preliminary, which in the long run impacts buy choice. Moreover, the presumption that they have a comparable way of life with big name baits individuals to purchase the item. Taking into account the way that big names are consistently on the spotlight, they can move their picture to the publicized item. For this to occur, turns into an additional bit of leeway to the organization. As per McCracken (1989, p.310), â€Å"a VIP endorser is a person who openly appreciates acknowledgment and utilizations it in the interest of c ustomer products through advertisement†. Big name support impacts the consumers’ sentiments and mentality towards the ad and towards the brands. This expands buy expectations and deals in light of the fact that, in this entire procedure, objectives are accomplished, which incorporate familiarity with the item; enthusiasm to find out about the item; want to possess item and activity to purchase the item. Imprints and Spencer is the most reasonable objective gathering to bring out publicizing utilizing big name underwriting. When starting to plan an examination on this theme we above all else need to utilize the two central sorts of exploration, clear and informative. Clear examination covers what movement is going on in an organization. Informative exploration covers why a movement is going on in the organization. Imprints and Spencer is an organization that manages the offer of garments for all sexual orientation and all ages. This UK, based organization deliberately th ought of utilizing VIP support to advertise their items. This was important to them in light of the fact that the sort of business they are in thinks of new up and coming items. They have utilized a few VIPs throughout the years, and they incorporate; David Beckham, Helen Mirren, Dannii Minogue, Twiggy, Antonio Banderas and the X factor’s finalists. Imprints and Spencer utilized these famous people for various reasons. It empowered the crowd effectively review the brand. At the point when another item comes into the market and is publicized by a specific big name, certain objective gatherings follow and recall the current brand. It enables the organization to recuperate its picture. For a long time in succession, this organization had encountered misfortunes and required the quickest method to recoup its clients back and pull in additional from contenders. For those individuals who didn't perceive of the presence of this organization, became more acquainted with in light of t he fact that the specific intrigue that the superstars conferred on the watchers of the promotion. Famous people are considered as decent and possibly settle for quality while picking things. Along these lines on the off chance that, he/she is in a specific ad the clients create certainty on the item. Imprints and Spencer utilized this system to make trust in the merchandise they produced. They likewise utilized individuals know about the clients since they needed their items to look trustworthy. This is on the grounds that a big name can't promote for an organization that is a lie (Till and Busler, 1998,

Leadership Context With The Bottle Shock Exercise †Free Samples

Question: Examine about the Leadership Context With The Bottle Shock Exercise. Answer: Presentation Pioneers are those individuals who are equipped for helping themselves and others into doing the correct things. They are the ones who set the correct heading, develop a rousing vision and go on into making something new. Authority is about the mapping out of where one is required to be going for winning as a group or as an association and simultaneously it is energizing, dynamic and motivating. Significantly from that point forward, as pioneers set the course, they additionally require usingmanagement abilities for directing their kin in the correct goal, in a proficient and smooth way[1]. Initiative is certainly not a one size fits all answer for each issue, nor is it an enchantment recipe that would in a split second make anybody a decent pioneer. Rather it is a period taking procedure that necessary devotion for learning the method of accomplishing the objectives one set and the manner in which they need motivation for following the pioneer and doing likewise. Every individual has their own specific manner of getting things done, either with the assistance of remunerations, or with giving opportunity inside the activity jobs or sharing duties close by different representatives. Each approach works in an alternate manner for everybody, except each sort of pioneer possesses created over energy for making sense of their careful style[2]. Conversations in regards to initiative in this article is in setting with the Bottle Shock work out. This activity requests people to go about as they are a piece of the individual council and a delegate from a branch of one assembling plant in an enormous Canadian shopper products maker. The issue to be looked in this association as an agent is the reviewing of the child bottles after the US Consumer Product Safety Commission requested a review for all the taking care of items for newborn children that have been made out of a particular kind of plastic. This would be investigating the circumstance, breaking down it and afterward placing it with regards to authority and duty. Conversation Inside the association, the building office is the one dealing with all the things identified with item idea detail or the various models from the advertising division and the improvement of a building structure which could be fabricated with the assistance of hardware and creation lines inside the plant. The office additionally deals with the plan alteration of the items and the creation lines at various occasions inside the lifecycle of the item. As there has been no building issues which has turned out unsolvable on time by the division, it has been an issue to be pleased and sure about. Looking into the exploration on the item review and deciding whether at all the item is risky. In doing so it was discovered that the review was simply founded on one single investigation of the general properties of the containers and the plastic utilized for it, and that the unsafe wellbeing impacts were exact moment and much lower than the past limits for human use. There is no requirement for the review. With the assistance of further research it was discovered that another examination has demonstrated that there are no antagonistic impacts found in newborn children from their introduction to the jugs and the plastic utilized in it. In light of these discoveries and the science included it tends to be handily accepted that the review was pointless. Rather than that sending out can be a smart thought, as the exploration has indicated that the jugs are alright for use by people and that suggests that the overall market is open for the containers to be sold out. Investing significant energy now for overhauling the current items would be hard for fitting into the undertaking plan the staff should be efficient and the venture timetable would be filled totally for over 120 days. The estimation has been done on overhauling the items and creation line for utilizing an alternate plastic that would require taking roughly 2 months. Then again, beginning on upgrading promptly would present diverse sort of an issue - starting with something new as of now would postpone different activities that have just observed endorsement and gotten their timetable. There have been endeavors in the past made for making the division heads from Marketing and Production prepared for aiding the prioritization of what is should have been finished. Calendars for designing are hard to make and in the event that it is once made, at that point it should be followed for productive running of the plant. From a moral point of view crafted by the designing group is m to be glad for and it is clear that there are duties regarding both the organization and the buyer wellbeing and security. The senior initiative group were open for some other alternatives if necessary and proposed, if they are sensible. The main condition on the proposals are that the arrangements must be prepared for activity usage as quickly as time permits because of the way that the item reviewing is booked for sure fire start. In each association, authority is a basic perspective. Laborers of each association are searching for somebody they can admire, somebody they can gain from and flourish with. Every pioneer has their own particular style and procedure. In addition, administration styles and techniques contrast because of outer impacts and individual difficulties. Despite the fact that initiative is unique for everybody, there are some regular techniques for characterizing the term[3]. Administration is the epitome of conclusiveness, center, mindfulness, responsibility, certainty, compassion, trustworthiness, idealism and motivation. Pioneers are absent for essentially bossing their laborers around. Despite the fact that they are liable for directing their group, a genuine pioneer is consistently in the mood for stepping up and confiding in their workers for performing effectively and freely. On the off chance that the organization has any positive culture they the representatives get more inspiration and certainty for carrying out their responsibility. Pioneers are the individual answerable for establishing the pace for both the group they are supervising and the association all in all. It is the obligation of the pioneers for building up objectives, developing, persuading and trusting. A merciful and energetic pioneer has the capacity of stimulating the company[4]. Great pioneers are continually searching for their entire organization to succeed, including everybody. They require some serious energy seeing every specialist so they can give them help for accomplishing their own objectives that are lined up with those of the association. A decent pioneer puts the individuals around in a circumstance that sets them up for progress. A decent pioneer keeps their emption in line in predicament and aides the group during testing times, empowering them towards staying positive up and down the way. Camaraderie is to a great extent dependent upon the disposition of the pioneers. Initiati ve has the capacity of seeing the issue and giving the arrangement. Pioneers can't and should not be distant from everyone else. Pioneers must request growing more pioneers as it so happens. Incredible pioneers likewise enroll and spur other extraordinary pioneers, whom they depend on for doing the strategic ingraining a feeling of direction that would be contacting each staff part. Pioneers manufacture their workers for getting as fruitful as they are[5]. Being a terrible pioneer is a simple activity, and history has given numerous examples of this. In the Bottle Shock work out, there has been a need of a decent pioneer. What the activity got was not what can be considered as the suitable authority approach for the circumstance. The activity got a lethargic pioneer, somebody who confronted issues getting associated inwardly. Negligence was available with regards to the necessities or the solicitations of people around them as that being trifling or immaterial. There was an absence of solid authority, absence of solid pioneers who might be assuming up the liability for their guard and activities concerning the circumstance around them. There was available just habitual pettiness and avoidance of responsibilities[6]. Picking up resolve from the group turned into an extreme activity. Change was not invited consistently, as hazard unfavorable nature of individuals caused them to keep away from any type of progress that are required for th e improvements to occur and for the headway to occur. There was center just around those thoughts that supported up the points of view that are hindering to the development of the association however gainful for singular turn of events. Contrasting assessments got ignored and no commitment was seen with the individual who is making some noise. Conflicting conduct was seen from the side of the pioneer, who had the option to quickly persuade individuals that they are not solid or able enough at the mouth of the task beginning. It left group puzzled and befuddled, which thusly raised the likelihood of costly and tedious mistakes and missed associations. There was no nearness of affirmation or energy about the group, regardless of whether there was acceptable execution. The groups got no push for accomplishing more and no acknowledgment was allotted if something great occurs. It prompted the individuals declining to not work outside their usual range of familiarity and they had no inspi ration of wishing to do as such in future too. There was disappointment seen in illuminating others regarding the choices that were being made. No explanation was given on significant things that were connected with notable individuals and it was hard to comprehend situations[7]. Pioneers are required in associations for managing or making statements what other can't state or do. Pioneers are the same than others. Be that as it may, administration is a disposition. Every individual has an alternate mentality and diverse character characteristics. On occasion, there has been examples where the subordinates have eclipsed the pioneer and afterward got chosen as the pioneer, all in light of the mentality. There is a requirement for being in the front, being challenging and ready to confront it as it comes[8]. What was required in the Bottle Shock practice is a pioneer who uncovers the shrouded potential out of his group memb

Divorce and Its Effect on Children

Separation and its Effect on Children Sociology 120 Wednesday December 7, 2011 My examination paper is concentrating on how separated from guardians influence youngsters. I am concentrating for the most part on how the youngster is influenced typically, inwardly, and scholastically. I picked this theme not on the grounds that my folks are separated, but since I will get hitched toward the finish of this current month and I figured this would be fascinating. I accept that by and large, separate isn't required and that the guardians should work somewhat harder and forfeit to have better associations with one another and their children.The question I need to answer is if youngsters are influenced by the separation of their folks, and assuming this is the case, how much. My theory is that offspring of separated from guardians are adversely influenced typically, inwardly, and scholastically. I had an inclination that it was smarter to concentrate explicitly on these three zones so I could all the more likely measure what it is to be contrarily influenced by separate. After I previously picked this subject to research and use for my paper, I began in view of the general inquiry of divorces influence youngsters. I utilized the LCC library assets online to begin gathering information.It was after I spent some time gathering data that I found that my point was excessively wide and that to all the more adequately answer the inquiry I was looking for, I expected to limit my subject. I took a gander at the exploration I had gathered from on the web, paper articles, and scholastic diaries, and found a couple reoccurring topics. These topics of offspring of separated from guardians being influenced inwardly, typically, and scholastically are the ones I might want to address in my paper. Separation has become an exceptionally basic component in today’s society.When the greater part of all separations include youngsters younger than 18, separate doesn't just influence t he couple, however now like never before their kids get stirred up in the occasionally monstrous procedure of separation. Consistently more than one million kids experience the separation of their folks, and generally speaking near 40% of all kids will encounter parental separation before they turn 18(Amato). Passionate harm is doubtlessly the hardest impact to distinguish and determine to have offspring of separated from guardians since it tends to be difficult to quantify and isn't something that can without much of a stretch be see.An article in American Journal of Family Law entitled â€Å"The Psychological Impact of Divorce on Children: What is a Family Lawyer to do? † talks about an investigation that studied 1,000 youngsters between the ages of fourteen and eighteen. The investigation recorded their conclusions on separate and estimated musings, sentiments, and perspectives regarding the matter. Dr. Robert Gordon gathered information and named it the GordonPoll Youth S urvey. The youngsters were gotten some information about their parents’ contending and half of the adolescents said it is â€Å"terrible. When solicited what the contending comprised from, 26% said that their parents’ contentions included â€Å"criticizing the other parent. † Another 35% said that their parents’ contending included shouting, hitting, and â€Å"throwing stuff† (Jolivet). Dr. Robert Gordon expressed after the aftereffects of the survey were gathered and dissected that, â€Å"Clearly, kids are more profoundly pestered by parent strife than most grown-ups think. While not very many grown-ups would shout, hit or toss things at their mates, most wedded couples would concede that they at any rate infrequently differ and scrutinize each other in frontâ ofâ their children.I’d like to imagine that these study results would make them mull over that† (Jolivet). Regardless of whether the parent’s are still attached and b attling, or separated and battling, plainly the youngsters who are trapped in the parents’ quarrel are the ones who endure the most. This equivalent article plates a rundown of components that scientists have gathered together to help recognize a high-clash separate from that could have a progressively critical effect on a child.The factors that have been distinguished incorporate â€Å"criminal feelings, involvementâ of kid government assistance offices in the question, a few or incessant changes in legal advisors, visit court hearings, the general lengthâ ofâ time it takes for the case to settle, and a historyâ ofâ contact or timesharing denial† (Jolivet). The impacts on youngsters genuinely and typically are generally multiplied when they are a piece of a high-clash separate. These high-clash circumstances ought to be maintained a strategic distance from no matter what to guarantee the passionate effect on the kid is minimal.Studies have demonstrated that young sters who are a piece of these high-clash divorces experience ground-breaking negative feelings including, â€Å"chronic stress, uncertainty, and unsettling; disgrace, self-fault, and blame; a constant senseâ ofâ helplessness; fears for their own physical wellbeing; a senseâ ofâ rejection, disregard, lethargy, and lackâ ofâ interest in the well being† (Jolivet). Fortunately, most separations would not be named a ‘high conflict,’ yet that doesn't mean the enthusiastic effect on offspring of separation is nonexistent. At any rate, stress is a significant issue that separation has on a child.Robert Emery, Ph. D. is a Professor of Psychology and Director of the Center for Children, Families, and the Law at the University of Virginia. Emery has composed various books regarding the matter of separation and family connections. An article he has composed showcases the consequences of an examination he did on understudies and the enduring effect separate has had in their lives. Of the 99 understudies surveyed in this investigation, 73% concede that they would be an alternate individual today if their folks had not separated. Near half likewise state that their parents’ separate from still causes battles in their lives (Emery).Emery additionally says that other than stress being a significant effect on offspring of separation, the hazard that they will have different influences is generous. He says, â€Å"Divorce plainly increments theâ riskâ that youngsters will experience the ill effects of mental and social issues. Grieved youngsters are especially liable to create issues with outrage, defiance, and rule infringement. School accomplishment likewise can endure. Other youngsters become dismal for drawn out timeframes. They may get discouraged, on edge, or become maybe excessively mindful children who wind up thinking about their folks as opposed to getting thought about by them† (Emery).The article â€Å"The Psychological Impa ct of Divorce on Children: What is a Family Lawyer to do? † states various social issues that are brought out in youngsters who experience a high-clash separate. A portion of the conduct issues are characterized as, â€Å"a groupâ ofâ behaviors which can be depicted as: lower pledge to marriage, treachery, issues with outrage the executives, feelingsâ ofâ insecurity, destitution, demandingness, disavowal and fault, disdain, and poor compromise aptitudes, higher levelsâ ofâ depression, and more issues with peers† (Jolivet). In examination, Dr. Paul R.Amato of Pennsylvania State University contrasted the aftereffects of these investigations with comparative ones of kids who have experienced childhood in steady, two-parent families. The offspring of the steady families have a â€Å"higher expectation for everyday life,  receive increasingly viable child rearing, experience progressively agreeable co-child rearing, are sincerely nearer to the two guardians, and are exposed to less unpleasant occasions and circumstances† (Jolivet). Another investigation performed by Dr. Amato and Dr. Danelle D. DeBoer has demonstrated that grown-ups who have encountered the separation of their own folks as youngsters demonstrate to have higher paces of separation themselves. During the 17 ear study, 2,000 wedded people and 335 of their kids who additionally got hitched were watched. The examination uncovered that separations were seen all the more regularly among the grown-ups that had guardians of their own who had separated. Dr. Amato remarked on his investigations with the hypothesis that guardians who had seen their own parents’ separate from considered separation to be a sensible answer for a troubled marriage. Dr. Amato adds that grown-ups with separated from guardians are not really going to be bound to separate from themselves, yet that they may need to work somewhat harder to shield their own relationships from following a similar way to separate (Jolivet).Psychologist Judith Wallerstein, originator of the Judith Wallerstein Center for the Family in Transition, has directed various meetings with offspring of separation and right up 'til today is devoted to her subjective strategy expressing it is increasingly close to home and private. Wallerstein started her meetings in 1971, legitimately after the no-shortcoming divorce was passed in California. Separation rates started increasing as guardians exploited this new law not considering the influence it would have. Wallerstein chose to begin conversing with the youngsters about how the separation influenced them.Of the first 131 kids she had when she began her undertaking, she has proceeded with contact with 93 of them. The youngsters are currently grown-ups themselves and through her meetings she has confirmed that, â€Å"the significant effect of separation doesn't happen during youth or puberty, rather, it ascends in adulthood as genuine sentimental connections mov e the middle of everyone's attention. At the point when it comes time to pick an actual existence mate . . . the impacts of separation crescendo† (Peterson). Wallerstein found that of the 93 grown-up offspring of separation she has met, just 40% have married.She says that the grown-up offspring of separation hope to come up short at marriage and that they dread â€Å"loss, struggle, disloyalty and dejection. † She likewise states, â€Å"That she is astounded that the offspring of separation disclose to her separation is with them each day of their lives† and â€Å"how much their folks' separation molded their grown-up years. † (Peterson). It’s plain to see that dependent on the aftereffects of these various examinations, that separate positively plays a significant r

Malaysia Airline - Free Essay Example

English only July 2007 PRIVATIZATION AND RE-NATIONALIZATION OF MALAYSIA AIRLINES (Submitted by the ICAO Secretariat) 1. BACKGROUND Malaysia Airlines (MAS) was incorporated as Malaysia’s flag carrier in 1971 following the breakdown of Malaysia-Singapore Airlines partnership. Since then, MAS has continued to expand its network and fleet. By mid-1980s, MAS had a total of about 60 domestic and international destinations in its network and a fleet of over 35 aircraft. However, MAS’s balance sheet suffered especially from the loss-making domestic services where the Government rarely allowed increases in fares because of a policy of promoting trade and tourism in rural East Malaysia. 1. 1. 2. LIBERALIZATION OF REGULATORY FRAMEWORK 2. 1. Under the Government’s privatisation plan, MAS became the first governmental agency to go partly private in 1985. The Government sold 40 per cent to the public, including Brunei Investment Agency, while keeping total 60 per cent in th e hands of Malaysian Central Bank Negala and local Governments. The privatization raised additional funds for MAS’s capital expenditure on aircraft fleet expansion. The Government had also considered the idea of separating the airline’s domestic and international operations into two divisions to improve the profitability of the international airline, but the plan was subsequently abandoned. In 1994, as one of the attempts to reverse the weak financial position vulnerable to rising labour costs, higher interest rates and reluctant lenders, the Central Bank sold its 32 per cent controlling stake to Malaysia Helicopter Services (changed name to Naluri in 1998) led by Tajudin Ramli1. The move eliminated the Government as the largest shareholder, although the Government continued to hold a â€Å"golden share† giving it a veto on board decisions, and State-owned entities acquired a minority stake in the airline. 3. EFFECTS AND DEVELOPMENTS 3. 1. For consecutive three years after privatization in 1994, MAS posted profits. Tajudin Ramli’s new commercially-oriented management forged a 7 per cent reduction of expenses in 1995 by targeting fleet utilization, fuel usage and employee composition. The domestic first class fares were increased to compensate for cumulative loses. Some transpacific flights were replaced by codesharing operations, which increased MAS’s market coverage. 1 In 1996, Naluri’s stake was diluted to 29. 09 per cent. In 1994, Naluri also acquired controlling stakes in Air Maldives and Royal Air Cambodge, but both airlines ceased operations in 2000 and 2001, respectively. (2 pages) -23. 2. In the fiscal year ended March 1998, however, MAS lost $70 million and reported more loss in the next fiscal year due to the Asian economic crisis. MAS has layed off staff, cut its fleet and arranged $100 million credit with Saudi bank for aircraft sale and lease-back. It sold major aircraft and delayed aircraft de liveries up to three years. Many unprofitable international routes were suspended or their frequencies reduced with the closure of several online stations. Nevertheless, MAS has built up a debt to the tune of M$9 billion ($2. 4 billion), 30 per cent of which was attributed to the depreciation of Malaysian currency at the height of the Asian economic crisis. 3. 3. In the early 2000, financially-troubled Naluri expressed its intention to sell its 29. 09 per cent stake. To enable reater foreign investment, the Government increased the allowable foreign ownership ceiling from 30 to 45 per cent. It was reported that Qantas, Swissair Group and KLM were prospective buyers, but they all pulled out. In December 2000, Government Pension Fund acquired 9. 1% stake from Brunei Investment Agency, and the Ministry of Finance Inc. bought back 29. 09 per cent from Naluri. As a result, the total Government shareholding (including local Governments and State-owned agencies) increased to approximately 80 per cent of MAS. During 2002, the corporate structure of MAS has been restructured by removing aircraft assets and related liabilities from MAS’s balance sheet through the transfer of economic risks and rewards of such assets and liabilities to Penerbangan Malaysia Berhad (PMB), a vehicle set up by the Ministry of Finance Inc. The costs and revenues of domestic services were also transferred to PMB. In January 2003, PMB took over the Government’s shareholding (69. 37 per cent) in MAS. – END –

The General Issues Of Prescribing Medication Essay

The purpose of medicine is as contested of a notion as the term patient. While there are certain ends in which it is clear that medicine seeks to achieve, controversy often arises over how medicine chooses to achieve these certain goals. One such controversy is the treatment of patient-symptoms, more specifically, the role of medication in treating patients. The purpose of this essay is not to discuss the general issues of prescribing medication. Rather, the purpose is to question whether it is ethical for clinicians to prescribe placebos in clinical practice. Through defining placebo and placebo effect and presenting a case where a placebo is prescribed, I argue that in limited cases it is ethical for clinicians to prescribe a placebo for a patient. Derived from Latin, the term placebo translates into â€Å"I shall please, future indicative of placere to please† (etymonline.com). Dating back to early 13th Century, the term first appeared in the opening antiphon of Psalms cx iv.9. However, its appearance in medical literature did not occur until 1785 (etymonline.com). Furthermore, it was not until the 1940s, â€Å"with the adoption of [the] double-blind† study that placebos were employed in clinical research (Brody, 1982, 112). In clinical research, placebos are used as an inactive therapy to aid in evaluating whether an experimental drug is effective. In clinical practice, placebos are used as a medical treatment. Now, controversy over placebo-prescribing often stems from theShow MoreRelatedThe Role Of Independent And Non Medical Prescribing1224 Words   |  5 PagesThe Role of Independent and Non-Medical Prescribing: Prescribing is defined and the process involving information gathering, clinical decision making, communication and evaluation which then results in the initiation, continuation or cessation of medication/s. Independent prescribing means that the prescriber takes responsibility for the clinical assessment, diagnosis and management of patients. This included prescribing medications where necessary. Independent prescribers include doctors, dentistsRead MoreProfessional Issues : Registered Nurses Prescribing Medications942 Words   |  4 Pages Professional Issue: Registered Nurses Prescribing Medications Esther Amanfi Laurentian University Descriptive Prà ©cis The Premier of Ontario Kathleen Wynne announced in a press conference that she would expand the registered nurse (RN) scope of practice in Ontario to include prescribing medication and the nurse practitioner scope of practice to include ordering CT scans and X-Rays (Campbell, 2014) (Appendix A). She explained that expanding this scope of practice would enable health professionalsRead MorePrescription Opioid Misuse : A Significant Public Health Issue1339 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant public health issue in the United States. Since the late 1990s, nationwide sales of prescription opioids have risen 4-fold, and with this, the rate of admissions for substance use treatment and the rate of death from opioid overdose have grown proportionately.1 A number of policy approaches and initiatives have been developed in an attempt to stem the tide of this epidemic. These include implementing physician training programs about the appropriate prescribing of opioid therapy, developingRead MoreHealth Care System Should Be Legal1332 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction The movement to allow registered nurses (RNs) to prescribe some medications has gained attention in the media recently. This involves administering or dispensing drugs to treat certain diseases, symptoms, and conditions. We believe that Ontario’s health care system should be changed to allow nurses to prescribe a limited list of medications, and this document is intended to help the general public to understand important points about this debate. There are several excellent reasons toRead MoreUse And Overuse Of Antibiotics1537 Words   |  7 Pagesas: upper and lower respiratory tract infections. They are often called the â€Å"life savers† of medications, amongst individuals of today’s society. Antibiotics (penicillin) were first discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1929, but it was in the beginning of the 1940’s that the true potential was recognized. Being that our society feel that antibiotics are the â€Å"go to† medication for every illness, th e medication has become overused and abused by medical professionals in healthcare facilities, as well asRead MoreExploring The Psychosocial Aspects Behind The Emotions That Reflect How Well Patients Adhere1556 Words   |  7 Pagessummarising the findings. In addition, the paper is written in reflection to a patient referred to as Mr X and will be correlated in the discussion. Types of non-adherence The types of non-adherence can be categorised into many groups however in general there are three types, each with overlap. Primary non-adherence is the first one and involves a health care provider issuing instructions or a prescription and the patient not fulfilling this, also known as nonfulfilment. (1) The second category isRead MoreMy Policy Change Will Be The Florida State Board Of Nursing1544 Words   |  7 Pagesadditionally supports efforts to protect the rights, jobs, wages, pensions, health care coverage, and other benefits of our state-employed health care nurses. Today I will be discussing about my policy brief and providing an in-depth analysis on the issue and how the Florida state board of nursing will contribute to the cause. (Cheryl, 2012). The problem that was presented in my health-care policy was pertaining to oxycodone and its decrease mortality rate due to Florida’s drug monitoring program.Read MoreEuthanasia And Assisted Suicide Should Be Legal1611 Words   |  7 Pagesself-administration of lethal medications, expressly prescribed by a physician for that purpose. The Act requires the Oregon Public Health Division to collect information about the patients and physicians who participate in the Act and publish an annual statistical report. These data are important to parties on both sides of the issue. The Death with Dignity Act allows terminally-ill Oregonians to end their lives through the voluntary self-administration of lethal medications, expressly prescribed byRead MoreAssisted Suicide And Euthanasia Suicide1578 Words   |  7 Pageshandle these challenging issues. One of these difficult issues is assisted suicide. Physician assisted suicide (PAS) has been an important ethical concern in medicine in r ecent years. It is important to understand the various forms of assisted suicide, the legality of assisted suicide as well as the implications it may have for patient as well as healthcare professionals alike. When considering assisted suicide there are several different definitions that may fall into this general term. Often times â€Å"assistedRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Depression769 Words   |  4 Pageschildren have high levels of anxiety. Cause of the spike is credited to the decrease in doctors prescribing medication. There are many reasons why doctors have chosen not to prescribe some forms of medication. One major reason is because of the side effects that come along with antidepressants. Effects such as insomnia, worrying more, dizziness, aggression, and suicidal thoughts. Now the nature of any medication is that it may have side effects. In some young adults antidepressants often increase anxiety

The Consequences of Using Drugs While Pregnant Essay

Many women, including teens, abuse drugs while they are pregnant. This rate is especially high to those who are homeless, underprivileged, or live in a broken home. In order for drug abusers to even have a chance at beating their addiction they have to have support whether it’s family, friends, or boyfriend/spouse. They must also let the abuser now all the consequences to themselves and the unborn child. There are many consequences when using drugs during pregnancy such as miscarriage, health risks to baby, and health risks to the mother. And learning disabilities and brain damage to the fetus. Cassandra has this feeling that Tiffany doesn’t know how serious and devastating it is to use heroin while she is pregnant. So she decides to†¦show more content†¦Infants of regular heavy users usually have a low birth weight, because of intrauterine growth retardation and frequent premature births. (http://www.bookrags.com/research/addicted-babies-edaa-01/) Also if you are regularly abusing the drug, the infant may be born physically dependent on heroin. Children born to addicted mothers are at greater risks of SIDS (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) as well. (http://www.uatests.com/drug-information/heroin.html) Tiffany looks over at Cassandra with tears running down her face and tells her, â€Å"I don’t know what to do? I want to stop but I can’t! I need to use heroin, I can’t go a few hours without it.† Cassandra hugs her and tells Tiffany, â€Å"Yes you can stop! You just need a little help and support, but you also have to know the risks you pose to yourself.† Tiffany’s doctor then asks her after her and Cassandra finished, â€Å"Do you have any other questions?† Tiffany answers, â€Å"Yes. What health risks am I posing on myself?† The doctor know that there are many health risk factors here for the mother so he starts by say, â€Å"While these risks are reason enough to avoid using the drug, pregnant women who inject heroin also expose themselves and their babies to diseases like HIV, hepatitis, and other blood-borne illnesses.Show MoreRelatedA Brief Note On Drug Use On Infants1572 Words   |  7 PagesDrug Use on Newborns Many women abuse drugs whether they are pregnant or not. In both cases, many women are unaware of the consequences of what drugs can do to their body. However, for pregnant women, the situation is completely different. â€Å"Studies show that using drugs -- legal or illegal -- during pregnancy has a direct impact on the fetus† (Gaither 1). In simpler terms, drug use not only affects their own lives but also affects the lives of their unborn children. 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ApproximatelyRead MoreHomelessness : The Homeless People Essay988 Words   |  4 Pageshomelessness are the unemployed, pregnant teens, and veterans. Homelessness affects the unemployment in several ways. Some people might become unemployed through substance abuse and housing. Substance abuse can play a significant role in a homeless in a person s life. When you are on drugs, you cannot function well on the job. You will eventually lose your job because the drugs will take over your mind and, so you may become homeless. If a homeless person fails a random drug test he or she will not getRead MoreSubstance Abuse During Pregnancy?889 Words   |  4 Pageshave devastating effects on not only the mothers using the substances, but also infants while they are in utero and after they are born. Many infants born to mothers, who are abusing drugs, suffer from life threatening illnesses and are forever affected through adulthood. 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Compare and contrast essay calling vs texting free essay sample

On this era, everybody depends on technology when communicating, especially on cell phones. These devices are known all over the world, and they are also used for entertainment, and to be updated with the latest news. Calling and Texting are the main methods that people use to communicate with friends, family, and others when using their cell phones. Calling has been popular since mid-1900s, but has been taken its popularity by texting since the beginning of the 20th century. Factors like the tone, and the fact that the people involved in the conversation can hear each other’s voices make a phone call more personal. Calling, should be used when the objective is to start a full conversation, argument, or a work related discussion. Though, if the objective is to confirm something, tell a quick message, or ask a short question, texting would be the proper choice. Texting is more impersonal than calling; there are no other factors involved on the conversation than what you see on the screen, the text. We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and contrast essay: calling vs texting or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page There is no easy way to feel, or identify the other person’s emotions in a text message clearly. Texting is a misused form of communication if the objective is to spend hours on the phone, give important news, or express a strong emotion. Calling can only take place if the person that makes the call has the other person’s phone number, and if the receiver of the call takes it. On the other hand, texting compares to sending constant e-mails, there are many social medias where you can text or send a private message via internet, or having the other person’s phone number as well. Even though the receiver of the message does not see the text right away, he or she will eventually see it, and hopefully respond. Texting can be a threat to your life. About 6,000 deaths and a half a million injuries are caused by distracted drivers every year. Phone calls are safer while driving; there are Bluetooth devices that allow you to talk while both of the driver’s hands are on the wheel, and eyes are on the road. Most phones also have a speaker option where the sound increases and drivers do not need to hold the phone. Texting and Calling are two effective methods of communicating when used at the right time, place, and situation.

Tragedy In Things Fall Apart Essay Example For Students

Tragedy In Things Fall Apart Essay Consider the Aristotelian tragedy. It has yet to go the way of Eddie Bauer. In Things Fall Apart, Chinua Achebe devised a tragic African hero in Okonkwo, consistent with the classic stipulations of the figure. Thus, the novel–to its greatest practicable extent inherently existed as a tragedy on all levels to accommodate Okonkwo. To illustrate this, I will dissect and analyze the many factors that make Things Fall Apart an exemplary model of Greek tragedy by Aristotle s own towering ideals. First and foremost, the tragic hero must be of noble stature, occupying a high position within the community, innately embodying virtue and majesty. We will write a custom essay on Tragedy In Things Fall Apart specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Okonkwo distinguished himself as an exceptional wrestler, defeating Amalinze the Cat who had not been defeated in seven years and winning thus a reputation as a manly figure. In his family compound, Okonkwo lives in a hut of his own, and each of his three wives lives in a hut of her own with her children. The prosperous compound also includes an enclosure with stacks of yams, sheds for goats and hens, and a medicine house, where Okonkwo keeps the symbols of his personal god and ancestral spirits and where he offers prayers for his and his family. Though the hero may be great, he may not be perfect. We must be able to identify with him, seeing him perhaps in others or ourselves. Having a notoriously short temper and an infamously wasteful father rendered Okonkwo imperfect, one who has problems and a past like everyone else. The hero’s downfall, therefore, is partially his own fault, the result of free choice, not of accident or villainy or some overriding, malignant fate. In fact, the tragedy is usually triggered by some error of judgment or some character flaw that contributes to the hero’s lack of perfection noted above. This error of judgment or character flaw is known as hamartia and is usually (albeit hesitantly) translated as â€Å"tragic flaw†. Often the character’s hamartia involves hubris. The proud Okonkwo, a prisoner of his own male-centric culture and his disgrace-ridden ancestry, was determined to be the paragon of masculinity, producing his tragic flaw: the fear of being thought womanly, or the fear of weakness. His readiness to explode into violence sans provocation demonstrated his need to express anger through brutality and without rationalization; his stubborn and irrational behavior began to divest him negatively from the other villagers. Okonkwo s feelings differed from his words and actions, evident in the killing of Ikemefuna in the seventh chapter, where the tragic hero disregarded his inner feelings of love and protectiveness, showing that the deep abyss between his divided self accounted for the beginning of his decline. The hero’s misfortune is not wholly deserved. The punishment exceeds the crime, which is seen at different occasions: banished to the motherland for seven years (chapter fourteen) for an accidental womanly crime and his concurrent Euro-induced suicide upon his ill fated return (chapter twenty-five). Okonkwo sought to protect Umuofia s culture, only to face apathy from the townspeople, and final failure in taking his own life. The fall is not pure loss. There is some increase in awareness, some gain in self-knowledge, some discovery on the part of the tragic hero. In chapter fourteen, Okonkwo seemed to realize that his chi was not made for great things a reluctant admission that he may not achieve everything he wants because it is not his fate to do so. Two chapters later, the Roaring Flame understood the destructive nature of his behavior with the insight: Living fire begets cold, impotent ash; it left only coldness and powerlessness in others evident in his son. In the next to last chapter, he finally knew he could not save his village and its traditions no matter how fiercely he tries. .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c , .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .postImageUrl , .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c , .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:hover , .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:visited , .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:active { border:0!important; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:active , .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .udcbabf2244bcfd8ee4a74d69edadd83c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: A Show About Nothing EssayThe Umuofia he had loved and honored was on the verge of surrender, and Okonkwo himself felt utterly defeated. Though it elicits solemn emotion, tragedy does not leave its audience in a state of depression. Aristotle argues that one function of tragedy is to arouse the â€Å"unhealthy† emotions of pity and fear and through a catharsis (which comes from watching the tragic hero’s terrible fate) cleanse us of those emotions. Achebe accomplishes this with the successful final epiphany, completing Things Fall Apart as an exemplary model of Aristotelian tragedy, to the greatest extent possible.

A New Paradigm or a Complementary Model Essay Example

A New Paradigm or a Complementary Model Essay Example A New Paradigm or a Complementary Model Essay A New Paradigm or a Complementary Model Essay To what extent has the theory of restorative Justice been integrated into Youth Justice practice in England and Wales? Has this gone far enough? The perception by many involved in the Justice system in general, and youth Justice in particular, is that the present model of punitive retributive Justice, often involving incarceration does not work. Indeed, it may be compounding an already huge social problem. This realization has lead many to look for alternative systems. At present there is a considerable momentum building that advocates the use of a restorative justice model. Marshall has defined restorative Justice as a process whereby parties with a stake in a specific offence collectively resolve how to deal with the aftermath of the offence and its implications for the future (Marshall, 1999). Many different commentators have differing emphasis on the expected and desired outcomes of restorative practices, in general most will emphasis the need for healing of the victim and the reintegration of the offender. In a philosophical sense this sees offending as primarily a breakdown in relationship between individuals, and only secondarily as a location of the law. In this way it tries to address the needs of both victim and offender by recognizing that all parties need to be involved if there is to be the progression from inclusion, to participation, to transformation. For this to be successful all parties must be there on a voluntary basis. (Galway, 1996) However, restorative Justice is a complicated process involving much more than the meeting of victim and offender. In many ways the restorative approaches are revolutionary. It sees that there should be a change in emphasis from punishment to problem solving. In the conventional ethos where a crime is committed it is perceived to be against the state, not against the person, it is responded to by punishment not constructive engagement, this is adversarial and not about bringing people together, and it involves a system that is imposed upon the victim and offender. (Clothier, 2008). The theoretical basis behind restorative Justice is largely philosophical and ethical. It is deeply rooted in the underpinnings of the major world religions, all of which have as a central tenant concern for ones fellow man, and a principle of treating others with fairness and compassion. Therefore it is hardly surprising given this cultural background that restorative movements would seem intuitive. In this way it can be seen as a set of ethical values about how we should relate to other human beings and especially those who cause us trouble. Christie has recognized the need for inclusion in conflict resolution, he recognizes that the conflict is owned by the participants and the involvement of the state can distort the process so that the parties involved can respond in an unhelpful way that has little chance of a successful outcome. The victim feels that the state has robbed him of the wrong he as suffered and the offender can rail against the faceless state and convince himself that he is a victim not an offender (Christie, 1977). Breathiest sees the problem in domination that is so obvious in the traditional criminal Justice system, and emphasizes the rights and indeed, desirability for all stakeholders to have a voice in the restorative process (Breathiest, 2002). It can be seen as a fundamental change in the top down imposition of state power, to a locally based, culturally appropriate and democratically based resolution of differences in a community empowered environment. He also emphasizes how the traditional system enforces separation and disengagement from the community by creating the isolation of incarceration that has the effect of preventing reintegration of the offender. To this end he has advanced his re-integrative shaming theory, which acknowledges that the offender should be ashamed for the offence, but seeks to use this feeling constructively and facilitate a wish from the offender and the community for re-integration to take place. Re-integration not segregation might be said to be the moral centre of restorative justice. Daly and others see it, as at least in part, a feminist issue, with the role of the state being a dominating masculine presence, which is in essence aggressive to both victim and offender, and a change in this dynamic must occur to allow inclusiveness (Daly,2008). To this end conventional youth Justice practice has been significantly challenged. Where restorative practices have been introduced there has been a considerable departure from the long established roles within the system. The interactive dynamic between young person and practitioner is fundamentally different in this process. Consequently, there needs to be considerable training provided for practitioners to be effective in this new approach. The centrality of the victim -offender interaction requires skilful facilitation. The professionals may have difficulty in letting go of their need to control and appear to know best what the solutions are. It is important to recognize that a facilitator allows others to reach conclusions and action plans. To be restorative is to adjust ones sense of purpose over identity as a professional, and over belief systems, not Just intellectually, but in owe you act in relation to others and this can only be learned from experience. Establishing the centrality of the restorative approach in youth Justice can certainly be seen as a considerable divergence from the long established punitive model of justice much loved by the popular press, and often its readers. Mahoney,2008) The Youth Justice Board oversees the Youth Justice system in England and Wales; it has promoted restorative Justice since 2001. It has stated that it wishes to broaden deepen and extend the practice of restorative Justice within the youth Justice system so that the system is more victim based, more young people who offend are held to account, more young people learn about the consequences of their actions and make reparations, more young people choose not to re-offend. This, it believes, will also lead to continued improvement of restorative practices, improve referral orders and youth panels, promote restorative Justice in the secure estate and develop a coherent long-term restorative Justice policy. (YES, 2006) There have been 11 pilot areas chosen to roll out restorative practices within England and Wales. Some, such as The Thames Valley have been in existence for a substantial tie ambitious stated aims such as Hull, which has the desire to be a Restorative City. Faulkner, 2009). One other area within the UK does deserve a special mention, Northern Ireland. It has made the process of restorative Justice central to the process of societal change for what is hoped to be a post-conflict dynamic. It is obvious that many of these changes come from the desire for wider conflict resolution, nonetheless the early feedback is very encouraging in terms of efficacy of practice and it is an area that should yield much useful information that the rest of the UK an use as a resource. Campbell, 2005) There are many types of restorative approaches that can be used depending on the nature of the offence and the local circumstances. -Victim -offender mediation where there is direct communication between the victim and offender facilitated by a trained mediator. -Restorative conferencing where in addition to the victim and offender other people connected to the victim and offender also participate. -Family group conferencing where members of the wider family participate and there is a particular onus on the family to provide an acceptable solution. Youth offender panels where trained community volunteers work alongside members of the Youth Offender team to talk to young people their parents and where possible the victim to agree a tailor made contract aimed at addressing the offending behavior. It is important to realism that restorative Justice is not the soft option and many offenders find it difficult to face up to the impact of their crime. The youth Justice And Criminal evidence act 1999 introduced referral orders, given to most 10-17 year olds who plead guilty to a first offence, unless the charge is serious enough to warrant custody. After a court appearance there is a referral to a Youth Offender Panel (HOP), which consists of three trained volunteers assisted by a HOT worker. It is their role to determine the best course of action. The victim can be invited to put their views to the panel meeting but the offender and his/her parents must attend. A contract is then agreed with the offender and this might include some form of reparation for the victim. At present examples of good practice and attendance rates vary widely from area to area. (YES 2008). There are many opportunities for the successful introduction of effective youth restorative practices. It has reflected the zeitgeist of the nation and has been given a sympathetic hearing by the media, who present it as a constructive advance. It is attractive to politicians and policy makers, not least because of the perception that it can create community capital, especially improvement in the public confidence in the criminal Justice system and other agencies with responsibility for delivering a response to anti-social behavior. This has then to be delivered in a practical way, the final shape of which will ultimately be determined by the practitioners. This will be through a process of implementation, appraisal and re-examination to determine best practice, which will need to have a local interpretation. The success of the restorative approach will depend on it being an individually tailored solution involving interaction between offender, victim and the community ( Hughes, 2002). There is also considerable good will amongst professionals working with young people to move to a more restorative There are also many obstacles that may come from the same sources as the opportunities. These may be structural, political or cultural. This triad has combined n a way that has strained the ability of the Youth Offender Team organization to succeed and created a poor atmosphere for restorative practices. (Stallions, 2008). At the heart of the restorative process there can be a conflict, as intrinsic in the concept, is the reduction of the power of the state. Restorative practices empower citizens with powers that once lay in the hands of the state. (Breathiest, 2002). The desire for the government to find a one size fits all solution has the risk of undermining the restorative process. On paper referral orders provide a perfect setting for initiating estimative practices in reality there are some barriers. It can be difficult to get young people to take responsibility for their actions and therefore the admission of guilt, which is so central, can be problematic. The question of appropriate sentencing is vital. It is frequently asserted that restorative Justice is most effective with more serious offences, where there is a definite victim (Sherman, 2007). Where a restorative approach is used by way of a referral order for low level crimes especially where the victim is hard to identify such as traffic or insurance related offences the outcomes re less good, and indeed it can be very difficult to have an appropriate restorative contract for these offences. Therefore the courts and others should consider carefully when the restorative approach is likely to be effective. The length of sentence can have an impact on effectiveness in restorative Justice, in particular 3 month orders do not allow enough time to work with young people and in particular there may not be sufficient time to take up suitable placements. Many of the young people sentenced to referral orders have complex personal and social problems that will require a lit-agency approach, all of which takes time. The court may make a compensation order in addition this may not sit well with reparation as it can be perceived as a double punishment. On a practical level compensation orders run for 2. 5 years and are not spent on completion like referral orders. This has the problem of a discoverable record that may be a barrier to employability. For reparation to be successful there have to be places on meaningful projects, these are often limited in number, there are little controls over availability and may be seasonal so appropriate allocation can be fraught. These are classic policy- practice conflicts. The government and policy makers are keen to promote a restorative approach and bring it to the heart of the youth Justice system however there is an underestimation as to what is actually required in terms of organization, training, communication and resources. The government appears to assume that the restorative approach will ultimately prove cost effective but will not necessarily be receptive to feedback on the true cost of restoration well done. It is intensive and expensive. Improved communication is ITIL as misconceptions abound. Restorative Justice and reparation are frequently confused, as are reparations and interventions and clearer definitions are required. There can be a lack of confidence from practitioners and the public about what restorative Justice may be expected to achieve. And among young people it is important to recognize that, for some, the perception is that the restorative process was there to embarrass them, and that the process of reparation was perceived as a victim central and to reduce crime. However, in practice, if this is to be so, the time frame needs to change. The referral officer needs to meet the offender within 5 days, leaving 15 days to compile an impact assessment and report, as the initial panel meeting must be within 20 days, this is often impractical. There must be a degree of preparation of those who will be involved. There must be preparation of family members for the potential for high expression of emotion, and the disclosure of confidential information that may arise. Therefore it can be seen that while putting policy in place can easily be done there are many barriers for this to be translated into effective practice. To do restorative practice well, may by necessity, be expensive and resource intensive. Theory is relatively simple to formulate, policy is also relatively straightforward, but it is the finessing of these into an effective practice that is so difficult. The early advocates of restorative Justice point to a past in which civilizations from the time of the Babylonian Hamburg have made free use of restorative practices. In the post-modern context it represents a search for a world with less crime and more Justice. There is growing realization that endlessly increasing the prison population is unlikely to achieve this goal. In restorative practices many see the potential for a system that can bring more offenders to justice, perhaps reduce the cost of Justice while reducing the personal cost of crime to the victim. There has been a large body of research carried out on restorative justice. This has shown more positive results than for most innovations in criminal justice. This evidence should support a roll out of restorative practices on a learn as you go basis. Some have suggested that a Restorative Justice Board, which would be smaller than, but based on the YES, could support this approach. This could monitor reactive, design new tests of strategies and where necessary recommend change. In the traditional notion of adversarial retributive Justice, there will be, almost by definition, a loser. The restorative approach while not guaranteeing two winners, may at least give the possibility that there will not be two losers. The integration into policy and practice has been surprisingly rapid. As to the question, whether this has gone far enough? I would say that because of the difficulties, and the policy practice conflicts, the long-term effects of restorative Justice should be evaluated before it is shed out as a universal approach and highly regulated by government. If this happens too quickly without local adaptation and continual reassessment, which is culturally sensitive, it is possible that a very promising approach will go the way of all fashions and become rapidly obsolete and reviled. However the real power of restorative Justice may lie in people listening to the stories of others. There will be circumstances where the victim and offender will have their stories or indeed their voice heard for the first time. This acknowledges that all acts are consequences and have to be seen in that context. Core to the restorative process is listening, this should be respectful, attentive and sympathetic. (Prangs, 2006). Breathiest, T (2002) Setting Standards for Restorative Justice. British Journal of Criminology. London.

Use the Theory of Constraints and Activity-Based Costing to Determine Essay

Use the Theory of Constraints and Activity-Based Costing to Determine the Optimal Product Mix Decisions - Essay Example Broadly, expanded ABC approach, TOC based approach and the multi-factor approaches have been discussed which have deeper implications in designing an optimal product mix for a manufacturing entity. Expanded ABC based Model The shortcomings of traditional costing to incorporate production process are mainly encompassed by Theory of Constraints (TOC) and Activity Based Costing (ABC). Production decisions become quite convenient when they are facilitated by the paradigms of TOC and ABC gelling together (Kee). Apparently it seemed as if the both of these paradigms have the nature of competing with each other in assisting production decisions. However, later on when their strengths and limitations were analyzed, a complementary view of both the paradigms came into effect. If the product cost obtained under ABC, is incorporated with the availability of the physical resources, a comprehensive model of production process can be developed which can facilitate the production decisions by implementing the principles and guidelines of the Theory of Constraints. Mixed-integer programming is the framework which is used to integrate the product cost estimated under ABC with the availability of physical resources along with the production capacities. The major benefit provided by the mixed-integer programming is the effectiveness of decisions relating to marketing and production. With the help of the expanded model of ABC, a firm can evaluate simultaneous results of product cost, availability of physical resources and the marketing opportunities in order to identify an optimal product mix. The other major benefit of expanded ABC prog ram includes the identification of bottleneck resources and their economic impacts upon the firm’s production process. Identification of excess resources is also a hallmark for the expanded ABC approach due to which those excess resources can be deployed elsewhere to enhance the overall productivity of the firm. Lastly, the program for continuous improvement can also be identified and applied which can enhance the potential productivity and profitability of the firm because of the implementation of expanded ABC approach. Besides the advantages of the expanded ABC approach, there are different sorts of limitations attached with the implementation of this approach. Expanded ABC approach takes into consideration the quantitative effects of the revenues, product cost, availability of resources and the production capabilities. However, in order to design an optimal product mix, qualitative factors also play their significant part over which the expanded ABC approach remains silent . As a result, expanded ABC approach barely manages to provide only partial information regarding the marketing and the production decisions. Another limitation of expanded ABC is the usefulness of the reliance of this approach towards estimates and assumptions regarding the business activities of the firm over a certain time period. There is a strong dependency of the usefulness of the decisions taken under expanded ABC approach on the accuracy of the estimates and assumptions used by the firm. Lastly, the cost of implementing expanded ABC model can turn out to be on a higher side because of the substantial amount of time and effort required in its implementation, analysis of the results inferred from the mixed-integer programming and other related activities. However, it is important to note that the cost of

Nitendo case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Nitendo case - Essay Example Barrier to entry is observed due to the requirement of a large user base. ii) Demand and Supply Analysis: The lower the price, the higher is the demand. The achievement of profit maximization point prevails in the suppliers’ minds. iii) Economies of Scale: Difficult to reap advantages from economies of scale due to low selling price of consoles and sophisticated technology. iv) Core Competencies: Modernized console and controller design, marketing and attractive game designs lifted up Nintendo. Nintendo is a participant of oligopoly market and along with few strong competitors like Sony and Microsoft it occupies around 96% of the market. Its three focal competencies: excellent marketing skills, modernized consoles and dynamic game designs, provide it with perennial demand by its consumers thereby, placing it much ahead of its competitors in the market. Nintendo’s expertise in attractive consoles, controller designs, handhelds and games are its tools which are precious to the consumer and can neither be imitated nor substituted. On July 7, 2006, Nintendo opened a South Korean subsidiary in Seoul (â€Å"Nintendo†, 2006). Nintendo’s performance has been appropriately measured by depicting the Net Income and Revenue, the Stock Value, the Net Profit Margin and the Earning per Share. The behavior of the consumer and the industry, the market structure, the extent of competition along with the core competencies like innovativeness, marketing and attractive game designs provide ample scope for evaluating Nintendo’s performance. Financial difficulties need to be overcome. Market to a lifetime consumer should be the target. For Mario game, aim should be to capture consumers of 28 years of age by redesigning it. The Nintendo Revolution is ideal at the moment. Price of the new console should be $ 200 which is much lower than others. This low cost will reap benefits of market domination thereby

History of H&M Essay Example for Free

History of HM Essay H M, (Hennes Mauritz AB) is a Swedish multinational retail-clothing company, known for its trendy fashion clothing for men, women, teenagers and children. It started out as a single womenswear store in 1947, and subsequently transformed to a global company offering fashion for the whole family, and their home. The business concept is to give the customer unbeatable value by offering fashion and quality at the best price. HM ensures the best price by having few middlemen, having a broad, in-depth knowledge of design, fashion, textiles, buying the right products from the right markets, and being cost-conscious at every stage. HM is driven by seven core values, namely; Keep it simple, Straight forward and open-minded, Constant improvement, Entrepreneurial spirit, Cost conscious, Team work, Belief in people. HM’s quality testing is extensive, coupled with hard work to make sure goods are produced with least possible environmental impact and under good working conditions. Production is outsourced to independent suppliers as HM does not own any factories. Apart from this, HM does not own any of its stores, as they rent store space from international and local landlords. HM is present in 43 countries and has employed about 94,000 people as of 2011. It has 2,325 stores at end of 2011 and 2,629 stores at end of August 2012. It is ranked the second largest global clothing retailer behind Zara and No. 1 user of organic cotton worldwide. Current Logistics process of HM HM does not own any factory, they have outsourced to external suppliers that managed two departments: Procurement and Production. The Procurement function focuses on customers, fashion and composition of the range. The clothing designs are created in Sweden by around 100 internal designers, 50 pattern designers and an estimated 100 buyers. HM’s method of production is customer-driven. The company puts emphasis into research and forecasting of emerging trends, both through traditional research methods and innovative ones such as street trends. This activity is conducted by central staff and national offices which are responsible for detecting new trends. The production function involves 21 production offices. HM purchases garments from about 750 suppliers, in which 60% of production takes place in Asia and the rest mainly in Europe. The production offices have a mediating function between the internal buying department and external suppliers. They ensure that the buyers’ orders are sent to the right supplier, the goods produced are of the correct price and quality and that the suppliers adhere to the company’s code of conduct. Additionally, production offices also deal with the checking and testing of sample garments, which contributes to reducing lead times. The decision of determining which supplier is the right one is not only a matter of cost-efficiency but is dependent on other factors such as transport times, import quotas and quality control aspects. To reduce risk, buying is carried out on an ongoing basis throughout the year. Continuous IT developments over the years have helped to support HM logistics. While the inventory management is primarily handled within the HM organisation, transport is outsourced to third parties. In terms of distribution, HM adopts sea transportation where their finished products are shipped to a distribution centre in Germany, which will serve as a transit terminal. The transit terminal will be en-routed to receive the goods from all the suppliers across the world. Upon arrival at the designated location, goods are inspected and allocated either in a store or in the centralised warehouse. The role of the warehouse is to hold and replenish inventory levels in stores according to selling trends.

Charles Fraziers Use of Music in Cold Mountain Essay -- Charles Frazi

Charles Frazier's Use of Music in Cold Mountain The American Civil War was a bitter, grief-filled conflict with oddly musical overtones. A Southern soldier, Alexander Hunter, recalled that â€Å"There was music in plenty,† (Lawrence 169) just as Charles Frazier’s character Stobrod in Cold Mountain remarks that â€Å"there was so much music back then† (407). While both the Union and the Confederacy placed great import on music, Cold Mountain by Charles Frazier focuses primarily on the Southern perspective of the war, in all of its aspects. Spiritual music gave soldiers hope, gave them something cheerful to listen to after their days of slogging through the grime of human remains, as Inman discovers during his journey. Songs of homecoming and perseverance also strengthened the women, children, and parents left behind, waiting with fearful hopes for the return of their loved ones. Ada’s continual reference to â€Å"Wayfaring Stranger† illustrates this point beautifully. Finally, the musical natures of both armies created a bond that otherwise would not have been possible, forming brief alliances among enemies. The impact of music during this period of American history was so great that General Robert E. Lee was heard to say â€Å"I don’t believe we can have an army without music† (Wiley qtd. in Waller and Edgington 147). Charles Frazier’s Cold Mountain exemplifies this statement, interweaving music throughout the struggles of Ada and Inman, using it as a tool to express emotion and to give a common thread to the broken culture that was the American South. The dissonant harmonies of Civil War-era music both complemented and contrasted itself, creating new forms from old ones and forging bonds where there had been nothing. Hope was a rare p... ...ow Music Shaped the Confederacy, 1861- 1865. Mechanicsburg: Stackpole, 2000. netLibrary, U of Denver Penrose Library. 15 April 2004 . â€Å"Aura Lea.† Music of the War Between the States. 24 April 2004 Frazier, Charles. Cold Mountain. New York: Vintage, 1998. Hill, Lois. â€Å"Lorena.† Poems and Songs of the American Civil War. 23 April 2004 . P. Wilson, Keith. Campfires of Freedom: The Camp Life of Black Soldiers During the Civil War. Kent: Kent State U P, 2002. S.A., R. â€Å"God Save the South!† Ballads of the North and South in the Civil War. Comp. Walbrook D. Swank Colonel, USAF RET. Shippensburg: Burd Street P, 1996. 66. W. Sears, Stephen. To The Gates of Richmond. New York: Ticknor and Fields, 1992. Waller, Lynn, and William P. Edgington. â€Å"Using Songs to Help Teach the Civil War.† Social Studies 92.4 (2001): 147- 150.

Math Skills for Today’s Workforce

Sometimes people would think that what we learn is school is actually useless when we work in the real world. Yes it is true. You will not really apply everything what you learn, but there are skills that we acquire during the process of learning, and that is what’s more significant. A skill that is very indispensable is basic math. It will get you a long way. Perfecting your ability to calculate in your head and properly analyzing word problems will not hurt. Basic math is actually occurring in different situations, some in implicit ways, everyday. From street vendors, to hairdressers, to clerks, to managers and leaders, they all use it. By being skilled in that area, you will absolutely make your work more efficient.There are issues in education on the required math units for students, setting a higher standard for them to be more competent when they get to step into the real world. However, with higher requirements, it was discovered that employers do not actually need educ ation in math higher than what is taught in 9th or 10th grade (Cavanagh 21). Yet, it is still believed that having more advanced skills will help you succeed in college, as well as get a higher-paying job.The contradiction is that, if students work right after high school, what they should be taught must be more of the applied math and not much dwell on the technical and complex side of math. This will not only help them improve their skills needed for today’s workforce, it may increase student’s participation and interest on the subject.In that same article, it was revealed that out of the 51 varied professionals interviewed by Rosenbaum in the mid-1990s, on the subject of skills that are relevant in the workplace; basic math like arithmetic, fractions, algebra are them most common (Cavanagh 21). Another shocking survey took by Michael Handel revealed that out of the 2300 white and blue-collar workers, 94 percent applied math in their jobs. 22 percent of the workers s aid that they only used math skills like adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing. 19 percent only used Algebra 1 skills and only 9 percent used Algebra 2 (Cavanagh 22).Handel also proved the statement a while ago that people taking the most mathematics are earning way better – and that is Algebra 2 and above (Cavanagh 23). It was shown in their research that only less than 5 percent makes use of Algebra 2 and other higher math like trigonometriy, calculus and geometry.Math teachers have been greatly criticized on the theoretical approach and many students are actually looking for ways to apply the concepts being taught.   Not everyone will be taking Chemistry or Engineering so why tackle more on the very complex math? Employers are actually disappointed on the workforce today, which lacks the basic workforce skills like basic math, which involves more problem solving-related skills.In another study, which involved technical professionals, it has been discovered that m ath is very essential in areas that involve electronics (Stasz 210). They use geometry, algebra, trigonometry and even statistics. For health workers and vocational nurses, basic math is only needed in implementing their tasks.Waipahu High School and Kihei Charter School promotes education on the field of science, math, engineering and technology, which are needed to â€Å"fuel our new knowledge economy†. (Hatada 1) He said that math and science are very critical subjects and students must be able to master these subjects. It was said that most businesses are in need of â€Å"creative problem solvers†, which requires higher and stronger math and science knowledge.In their study, only half of the 17 year old students have strong enough math skills that will bring them to jobs in production. America’s 15 year olds rank poorly, with 24 out of the 29 developed nations in terms of math and problem solving skills (Hatada 1). That is why a lot of schools now are trying to reinvent their curriculum, especially for high school, whose big chunk already goes to the workforce after they graduate.There are programs for adults which refreshes you with basic education. An example is in Iowa, wherein local employers have been reported to provide education and training of their employees, which are more focused on the skills that are needed on a particular job description (Lundberg 1).The topics that will e discussed include the usual addition, subtraction, multiplication and division of whole numbers, addition and subtraction of decimals, addition and subtraction of shop fractions, addition and subtraction of shop decimals, basic calculation using scale drawings, ranking decimals and fractions, conversion between centimeters and millimeters, conversion between inches and metric measurements and last is tape measure reading.In Canada, the employability skills that are needed to enter, remain and also progress in your career are divided into three: fundamen tal skills, personal management skills and teamwork skills (The Conference Board Canada 2). Fundamental skills involve knowledge in math. When you communicate, you have to impart your knowledge through clear explanation of your ideas. When you manage information, you must be able to apply skills in mathematics as well, especially in statistics. When you use numbers, you measure something and methods in mathematics are really important. When you solve problems, math is undeniably an important tool in your analysis.It is also very evident in most skill tests in pre-employment examinations include math topics that are applied in business. An example question would be:If two employees working together product 12 products, four employees product 36 and eight employees produce 96, how many products would sixteen employees be expected to product?192  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  208  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  220  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  240If you were to organize the products for efficiency in picking and shipping, how would you position them relative to those employees responsible for picking the products?Product Z closest to the picker, then X and then Y.Such questions were taken from G Neil Skills Profiler Website. Evidently, there is a use of logic and common sense in these questions. This is to evaluate the applicant’s ability to strategize in different situations as well as assess how the applicant is able to apply such math skills than on the theoretical perspective of the math problem. Which means that the math used in workplace are more applied than the theoretical one that is mostly taught in school.The National Institute for Literacy took a survey regarding skills tested in the workplace. 11 percent of the firms have tested all their applicants of their math skills during 2001, which is higher by a few percentage points from the past several years, while 38 percent tested only some applicants (American Management Association 1).In 2001, math skills rank third in the survey, â€Å"Voices from Main Street: Assessing the State of Small Business Workforce Skills† with 62 percent (American Express 12). Verbal communication and interpersonal skills ranked higher. Other skills include written communication, basic business skills, financial accounting, mechanical ability, computer skills, internet knowledge and science.There was also a study by the National Center on the Educational Quality workforce (2). As said earlier, there have been efforts from employers to provide workplace education programs. In the manufacturing sector, 10 percent increase in the education of the workers is related to the 8.6 percent increase of productivity. An increase of 10 percent of working hours increases 5.6 percent of productivity, while 10 percent increase in the capital stock produces an increase of 3.4 percent in productivity. Evidently, the highest among the three would be increasing the average education of the workers, which emphasizes the importance of workforce training.In the non-manufacturing sector, a 10 percent increase in education yields a higher increase in productivity, with 11 percent. A 10 percent increase of working hours increases 6.3 percent productivity, while a 10 percent increase in capital stock yields an additional 3.9 percent productivity. This implies that training provides higher benefits in the non-manufacturing sector, although it is not really that far from the performance in the manufacturing sector.Training means an additional year of schooling for workers. With workplace education programs, there is at least one benefit gained by the organization itself, and at least one skill gained by the employees.   Thus, these programs mutually benefit the organization and employees and such programs would really be worth of the organization time, effort and money (Bloom 9).With these findings from various studies, I do believe that strong math skills pose a lot of benefits in the workforce today, by giving you an edge over other employees. You will be more efficient and be more likely receive higher compensation.   Math skills do not mean mastering the various mathematical theorems and definitions. There is a difference between being good in math and being good in applied math. Math is really useless if you cannot apply it to your job, since courses in school in the first place have the purpose of being applied when you get out of the campus. I believe that the current workforce must be reinforced with their basic education that is already geared towards their line of work.References:American Express, Small Business Services, Voices from Main Street: Assessing the State of Small Business Workforce Skills (PDF file), American Express, New York, NY, 2000.American Management Association, 2001 AMA Survey on Workplace Testing: Basic Skills, Job Skills, Psychological Measurement – Summary of Key Findings (PDF file), American Management Association, New York, NY, 2001.Bloom, Michael R. and Brenda Lafleur, Turning Skills into Profit: Economic Benefits ofWorkplace Education Programs, The Conference Board, New York, NY, 1999.Cavanagh, Sean. What kind of math matters? 12 June 2007. 5 February 2008. .Conference Board Canada. Employability Skills 2000+. 5 February 2008. .G. Neil Website. Skills Profiler. 5 February 2008. < http://www.gneil.com/info/skillsprofiler>.Hatada, Tori. Students need stronger math, science skills. 5 February 2008. .Lundberg, Marty. Workplace Math. December 1999. 5 February 2008. .Stasz, Cathy. Do employers need the skills they want? Evidence from technical work. Journal of Education and Work, 10(3), 205-223. 1997.

Culture and Identity - 3427 Words

BROWNE CH 1–4 (M1203).qxp:John Q7 26/3/08 10:47 Page 29 CHAPTER 2 Culture and Identity BROWNE CH 1–4 (M1203).qxp:John Q7 26/3/08 10:47 Page 30 Contents Key issues The meaning and importance of culture Dominant culture Subculture Folk culture High culture Mass, popular or low culture The changing distinction between high culture and mass culture Global culture The concept of identity Different types of identity The socialization process Primary socialization Secondary socialization Socialization and the social construction of self and identity Theoretical approaches to the role of socialization in the formation of culture and identity Structural approaches Social action approaches A third way: structuration Social class and†¦show more content†¦For example, it might be argued that the main features of British culture include it being white, patriarchal and unequal, with those who are white and male having things they regard as worthwhile rated as more important than those who are female or from a minority ethnic group. Similarly, those who are rich and powerful (who are mainly also white and male) are in a position to have t heir views of what is valuable and worthwhile in a culture regarded as more important, and given higher status, than those of others. Subculture When societies are very small, such as small villages in traditional societies, then all people may share a common culture or way of life. However, as societies become larger and more complicated, a number of smaller groups may emerge within the larger society, with some diï ¬â‚¬erences in their beliefs and way of life. Each group having these diï ¬â‚¬erences is referred to as a subculture. Folk culture Folk culture is the culture created by local communities and is rooted in the experiences, customs and beliefs of the everyday life of ordinary people. It is ‘authentic’ rather than manufactured, as it is actively created by ordinary people themselves. Examples include traditional folk music, folk songs, storytelling and folk dances which are passed on from one generation to the next by socialization and often by direct experience. Folk culture isShow MoreRelatedCulture : Culture, Identity, And Cultural Identity1228 Words   |  5 Pagestheir response is the result of culture. Every single person has a deep, complex culture whether it is visible to them or not. The word â€Å"culture† is so broad and overused. What is culture? To put it simply, culture is the behaviors and beliefs of a particular social, ethnic, or age group. Our culture shapes the way we see and interact with the world on a huge scale. Our culture affects our personality and our actions. Educat ion develops and molds ones culture. Culture forces reason behind having toRead MoreThe Characteristics Of Identity : Identity, Identity And Cultures944 Words   |  4 PagesIdentity is an internalized force existing deep in the folds and crevices of the mind and manifested externally through a myriad of appearances, actions, behaviors, and ideologies. The components that define an individual are numerous, interwoven, and developed within a complex yet porous and pliable framework. Language, race, ethnicity, gender, sexual orientation, experiences, culture, personality, religion, and even the perceptions of others are just a few characteristics that help to shape andRead MoreCulture : Cultural Identity, Culture, And Culture774 Words   |  4 Pagesby way of their culture identity and their social situation. To elaborate, one must first clarify what culture identity is. Cultural identity manifests itself in a myriad of ways which range from an ethnic identity to a nationality to a religious affiliation to even a community of individuals that share a common interest. People derive a lot of experiences from their culture. This comes by way of interacting with others within your culture, festivities that constitute the culture, and, most especiallyRead MoreCulture, Traditions, Culture And Identity1839 Words   |  8 PagesCulture, traditions and Identity Are people losing their traditions, culture and therefore identities? Introduction Why I chose this topic: I chose â€Å"traditions, culture and identity† because I think that this topic is important for everyone, because it is part of a person and I think this is an interesting topic. Aim: The aim of this topic is to show how people value traditions and to tell people about the traditions of my country and to answer the main question that is â€Å"Are countries losing theirRead MoreMy Culture, Identity, And Cultural Identity852 Words   |  4 Pagesthe word â€Å"cultural identity†, I think of myself, and what makes up who I am as a person. My cultural identity influences everything about me, from the moment I wake up, to the minute I rest my head on my pillow at night. My culture influences the way I eat, speak, worship, and interact with people. However, I am not only affected by my own culture, but others’ culture as well. I am fortunate to have an extremely rich heritage, and I couldn’t be prouder of my cultural identity. The first, and arguablyRead MoreMy Culture And Identity : The Influence Of Identity1215 Words   |  5 Pagesterms with shaping my identity. Growing up my parents would always tell me to â€Å"stop acting Americanized† but this is the only way I know of whether if my culture is what is influencing me or if its my peers. â€Å"Culture, is a social practice, it is not something that individuals possess; Rather, it is a social process in which individuals participate, in the context of changing historical conditions. As a â€Å"historical reservoir†, culture is an important factor in shaping Identity† (Anonymous, 2003). Read More Culture and Identity Essay1142 Words   |  5 PagesCulture and Identity Culture and identity could have many different definitions. Culture to me is what made you the person that you are today. The background and history of a person that is the reason of who they are and what they stand for. Identity to me is the certain characteristics that belong to a person that makes them different from everyone else on this planet. The world with no culture or a lack of identity would be a rather boring place. Identity and culture are what makes this worldRead MoreCulture And Cultural Identity703 Words   |  3 Pages Culture is a big influence on people’s perspective on how they view others and the world. When a person grows inside a culture, it shapes who they are. In â€Å"What is Cultural Identity† it explains why culture is influential. While in the short story â€Å"Where Worlds Collide† there is newcomers from another country that come to America and there’s all these new rules that they don’t understand. They are not from America, To us the rules are normal, to them they are strange and new. Another example ofRead MoreDefining Culture and Identities1017 Words   |  5 Pagesto explore the aspects that create identity and how different aspects exclude people compared to the similarities which build groups and societies. People’s multiple identities are given by their similarities and differences, and their connections with others.’ [1] When considering identity it is import to look at the elements that contribute to the idea of identity. Identity elements range from situational reasons, which can just be temporary to identities based on personal characteristics suchRead More Identity and Culture Essay1467 Words   |  6 Pagesan identity and a culture. An ‘identity’ is the image that one project out into the rest of the world, and ‘culture’ is the image which one has of themselves. Countries are no exception; every country over their course of history has created an identity and culture for themselves. It has been said that the worst act one could perform on another would be to strip them of their identity, and deny them of their culture. This is why, in order for a country to become a great nation, their culture and